BloombergNEF Raises Its 2035 Data-Center Gas Forecast to 18 Billion Cubic Feet Daily

The revised projection puts grid-connected facilities—not only headline-grabbing on-site plants—at the center of a potential squeeze on gas prices, utility bills and emissions.

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BloombergNEF Raises Its 2035 Data-Center Gas Forecast to 18 Billion Cubic Feet Daily
BloombergNEF Raises Its 2035 Data-Center Gas Forecast to 18 Billion Cubic Feet Daily

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BloombergNEF has nearly doubled its forecast for how much natural gas U.S. data centers could consume by 2035, raising the projection to about 18 billion cubic feet per day. That is a striking increase, even after allowing for announced projects that may never be completed. The surprising part is where most of the demand comes from. On-site gas plants announced by Meta, Microsoft, Google and Amazon are expected to use roughly 2.9 to 3.4 billion cubic feet per day. But BloombergNEF says grid-connected data centers could drive an additional 15 billion cubic feet per day through the power sector. In other words, the ordinary connection to the grid—not just the highly visible private power plant—could account for most of the growth. That would make data centers the second-largest source of new U.S. gas demand over the next decade, behind liquefied natural gas exports. Analysts at Noreva warn that the combined pressure could raise gas prices. Technology companies may be able to absorb that increase; households facing higher utility bills may not. There is also an infrastructure question. FERC rules can require large customers to fund generation and transmission upgrades, but Texas, Georgia and Arizona are outside those rules. Using the International Energy Agency’s emissions factor, the projected added demand corresponds to roughly one million metric tons of greenhouse-gas pollution per day. The key constraint is whether the grid can add this computing load quickly—and make the developers driving it pay for the upgrades.

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3 key points

BloombergNEF now expects U.S. data centers to drive about 18 billion cubic feet per day of natural-gas demand by 2035—nearly double its estimate nine months earlier. Most of the increase is not from high-profile, on-site plants: grid-connected facilities could add 15 bcf/d through the power sector, five times growth from other connected sectors. That could lift gas prices, utility costs, and emissions, while putting...

  1. 01

    On-site plants announced by Meta, Microsoft, Google and Amazon are projected to consume 2.9–3.4 bcf/d in 2035.

  2. 02

    Data centers could become the second-largest source of U.S. gas-demand growth, behind LNG exports.

  3. 03

    FERC large-load rules address upgrade costs, but Texas, Georgia and Arizona fall outside those rules.

BloombergNEF has sharply raised its outlook for the fuel behind America’s AI buildout: U.S. data centers could consume about 18 billion cubic feet of natural gas a day by 2035. That is nearly twice the group’s estimate from nine months ago, even after accounting for announced projects that may never be completed. If the forecast materializes, the consequence reaches beyond the campuses: gas prices, household utility costs and emissions could all rise.

The visible plants are not the main driver

On-site power has become the conspicuous response to constrained grid connections. Meta, Microsoft, Google and Amazon have announced data-center projects with new natural-gas plants that bypass the grid. BloombergNEF projects those projects will use 2.9 billion to 3.4 billion cubic feet per day in 2035—roughly comparable to all data-center gas consumption today, including gas used to generate grid electricity.

But the forecast’s larger story is the ordinary grid connection. BloombergNEF expects grid-connected data centers to add 15 billion cubic feet per day of gas consumption by the power sector by the middle of the next decade. That would be five times the demand growth expected from all other grid-connected sectors combined through 2035.

A power-market problem, not just a corporate one

Data centers are projected to become the second-largest driver of U.S. natural-gas demand growth over the next decade, behind liquefied natural gas exports. Analysts at Noreva warned that the combined pressure from rising data-center demand and LNG exports could lift gas prices. Deep-pocketed technology companies may be able to absorb higher costs; utility customers may have less room to do so.

Why the distinction matters

  • An on-site plant can avoid a grid connection, but it does not capture the bulk of projected gas-demand growth.
  • Grid-connected expansion puts pressure on the power system shared with homes and other businesses.
  • FERC’s large-load rules aim to make large customers pay for needed generation and transmission upgrades in covered regions, but Texas, Georgia and Arizona are outside those rules.

The emissions estimate depends on the buildout arriving

The forecast is not a prediction that every announced campus will open. BloombergNEF explicitly adjusted its estimate for projects that may not be completed. It is also a fuel-demand outlook, not a guarantee about the precise mix of plants that would generate the electricity.

Still, the climate arithmetic is stark. Using an International Energy Agency estimate that a cubic foot of gas produces 60 grams of carbon-dioxide equivalent across extraction, processing and distribution, the reported additional data-center demand would produce an estimated 1 million metric tons of greenhouse-gas pollution a day. That is an estimate built on the projected demand—not a measured future emissions total.

The practical contest is therefore not simply gas plants versus the grid. It is whether the grid can add enormous new computing loads quickly while making the developers that need new infrastructure bear its cost. BloombergNEF’s revision suggests that answer will shape far more gas demand than the most visible on-site projects alone.

Editorial analysis

Our Read

This forecast shifts the important question from whether a few high-profile AI campuses build their own gas plants to who bears the cost of system-wide demand growth. BloombergNEF’s estimate makes grid-connected capacity the much larger projected driver. That makes rate design, transmission upgrades and new generation decisions as consequential as any one company’s power contract. The next evidence to watch is whether regional rules can actually require large loads to cover the infrastructure they need without delaying projects—or shifting costs to other customers.

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Finding 01

This forecast shifts the important question from whether a few high-profile AI campuses build their own gas plants to who bears the cost of system-wide demand growth.

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Sources

  1. professional.content.cirrus.bloomberg.comUS regulator’s AI data center rules nudge grids forward | Insights | Bloomberg Professional Services
  2. techcrunch.comUS data centers could consume more natural gas than Germany and Japan combined by 2035 | TechCrunch

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